Abstract

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (First Nations) people experience significant health disparities, including high rates of chronic physical and mental health conditions, due to historical and ongoing socioeconomic challenges. This paper explores the intersection of physical and mental health among First Nations people, focusing on chronic disease management and social and emotional wellbeing (SEWB). It evaluates various health programs and policies, including the Integrated Team Care Program, the Medical Outreach Indigenous Chronic Disease Program, and digital health initiatives such as the AIMhi Stay Strong App which aim to improve health outcomes through culturally safe, community-driven care. The findings show the importance of cultural connection, person-centred care, and multidisciplinary approaches in managing multimorbidity. Challenges include limited service access, institutional barriers, and the need for long-term commitments to reduce health disparities. Successful models, such as mobile dialysis services and community-controlled health organisations, highlight the critical role of family, community, and cultural ties in improving SEWB among First Nations people.